I’m currently reading a novel by an author who is always an auto-buy for me. I have probably purchased some twenty novels by this writer and I think she’s capable of basically blinking and producing fairy dust. So before I get started, don’t get me
wrong. Love. This. Author.
That said, as I was reading along last night in bed, darling husband beside me beneath the fluffy covers, I pointed to my Nook. “See, this is what I mean,” I said. “The entire state of editorial is getting sloppy.” He’d been reading a book, too, and had already—thirty minutes earlier—pointed to the misuse of Gallic instead of Gaelic in his own novel. I think we all know that there are fewer people editing more books at the big publishers. And with self-published books, due diligence in details can be overlooked occasionally. But that’s not what this blog is about. It’s about how important it is for a writer to watch their own backs, because in the end, authors are responsible for what they put out. It’s their baby, no matter who publishes it.
In the case of my auto-buy author, I explained to my husband what was frustrating me: multiple characters were using the same dialogue pattern. Let’s say I, Deidre Knight, am prone to saying, “Well, aren’t I a monkey’s banana?” If I’m a fictional character, I should be the only person using that phrase. If some other character also says, “Well, aren’t I a monkey’s banana?” or “Well, aren’t I a doggie’s biscuit?” then it creates a disruption for the reader. We the people no
longer buy into the author’s world if every character or numerous characters are using the same phraseology pattern. Even worse, we no longer buy the characters. It shatters the illusion we’ve stepped into.
The same problem occurs if an author is fond of tagging his manuscript with a particular favorite word. I used to be really attached to the verb “thrum”. His body thrummed with energy. My manuscript thrummed with a preponderance of thrumming. A friend would give me “thrumming alerts” when she read over my manuscripts, pulling back my overusage until finally I weaned myself off that word. But let’s use another example. Say, how many times do you think or use “trifecta”? If you do, what are the chances that your co-worker does as well? Or, say, “hoary”? My brainiac husband might look out on a winter’s morning and say, “Look, doll, there’s a hoary frost!” But I doubt anyone else within a ten mile radius would do the same. So just because the author is fond of a more poetic word does not mean that three characters in the same fictional world would be. That’s the distinction: is it a word that the author is imposing or a word that naturally spills forth from character?
Word repetition (called an “echo” by copy editors) is something that generally causes a disconnect for readers. It’s not just sloppy–it’s jarring after a while. What do I mean by an echo, you ask? If you use any word several time or more in a short few pages, say, vampiric. “His vampiric bride wasn’t sure how to bed and handle her vampiric husband’s needs.” But the repeated usage need not be so close together. In the case of a fairly unique word such as “vampiric”, if it appears even five or six times in a few short pages, that would be too heavy-handed.
Beware, too, the word that you the writer tend to use as filler. I discovered that I was prone to some variation of “just” and started search/replace every time I finished a book. Especially if I was writing in first person, present tense, for some reason, I “justed” all over the place: “He was just a man, nothing more.” “It was just a Monday, the least exciting day of the week.” (Bland examples, but you get the point, I’m sure.) I believe there are computer software programs that will even analyze your manuscript for phraseology and key words that tend to repeat too much. But the best cure, even if it’s the old-fashioned one, is to do what I do: read aloud. You’ll hear the nuances and problems that your mind’s eye naturally corrects when you only read on the page.
Editing is a vital part of the process, and it starts and ends with the author themselves. Even if you think your eyes cheap viagra online might bleed, read over your material just one more time—read it aloud to your husband or best friend. And it’s especially good to give it that final go-thru after you’ve stepped away from it for a few weeks.






Great post! “Just” sisters unite! I believe my use of the word just totaled 267 times in 300 pages. Um, just say no!
I’m prone to “and then”. And then I noticed it and then I stopped it. And then I hoped I never did it again.
Deidre,
I thought I had just (delete) completed the last pass of my manuscript preparation. Alas, I will have to de-thrum and search for missing echoes. Please send help if I start an avalanche.
Thanks for blogging again!
-Jillian
P.S.
I’ll return for subsequent posts unless the rescue dogs fail to locate my body.
My thrum is “that.” I found and omitted hundreds recently.
I’m reading The Fifty Shades trilogy and am finding repetition to be my number one disappointment in the books. Each time Christian’s mouth “presses in to a hard line,” I find myself groaning, and not with pleasure.
I remember reading a beautifully written book with a unique plot and a menagerie of interesting characters. Every character, however, despite their varied backgrounds, spoke with the same very distinctive, highly literate voice (the vocal mannerisms of the author I suspect) and it completely ruined the story. At least for me.
The first book I ever reviewed (for a print newspaper, WAY back in the day) was by a very popular writer who is often on the bestseller lists. She used “peripatetic” about twice per chapter.
I didn’t find the book to be very good–bestseller or not–but that word really clinched it. And it was just in the narrator’s voice, which was first person, so I suppose one could make the argument that this character had a thing about the word peripatetic. But the writer should have told the character to find a thesaurus already.
And this was (mumble mumble) years ago so it is not a new phenomenon, even if Thing Have Gotten Worse in recent years.
I know what you mean, Deidre. A few months ago I started using Ctl F to pinpoint my overused words and phrases, and I’m always amazed at how much I use some, including “just.” It’s a lot of work to go through the list I’ve compiled, but it’s worth it.
Right there with you… I used to repeatedly have thighs lock in *ahem* certain types of scenes. I learned to catch it… but it took a good editor to alert me to other echoes in my writing. Now, it is one of the things I try to educate my clients about, paying forward the lesson I received.
Wow, thanks for all the great comments! This is actually the first time I’ve blogged in a couple of years. I reached a burn out state, but I’m hoping to post more regularly. All this encouragement is fantastic!
Dale, I’m curious how you use the control F? Can you elaborate?
Tanis, I’ve had that same problem before with literary fiction. Even if the world they’re creating is lyrical, let’s face it, lots of real world people don’t speak in an elevated form. Dude, you know they don’t! LOL!
Eva, I had that issue with the TWILIGHT series. If I’d had to read about Edward’s “marble” countenance, face, etc one more time, I was going to hurl the book across the room. That whole series is a land mine of word repetition–and yet, let’s face it, compulsively readable.
Thanks to everyone for the wonderful comments! I’ve already got a second topic in mind.
I just completed a novel where everyone said, “RATS,” when they were upset. That’s an easy one for me to insert because everyone in my family does say, RATS. I finally asked my facebook family to help me out with non-gross expletives. Now I have a whole notebook page full to fall back on, and DANG if that isn’t fun.
Enjoyed the post. So glad to see I’m not the only one who gets glued to words in my WIP.
The Ctrl F is the Find (and delete or replace) feature in Word. Unfortunately, I must use it a lot during the manuscript clean-up phase.
Great post, Deidre. I’m a victim of “just” on a tragic level. I use the software “AutoCrit” to help me weed out repetitive words and keep me in line. There are free versions and professional versions as well. It’s really handy!
Keep up the posts, please. I know it’s time consuming, but your knowledge is really beneficial to those of us working toward publication.
All my best,
Denise
Deidre, you make some excellent points — and I can particularly relate to Tanis’ comment. The first time I read Don DeLillo’s “White Noise” — an unarguably brilliant novel — I couldn’t help but to notice that everyone in the book spoke in the same voice, including the children. It was off-putting, to say the least.
I do editing passes just for finding this stuff. Mark up the text myself, then automated search for repetition and most used words, then Text-to-speech on toughest scenes. Nothing like a sexy Britihsh male voice to show one where a scene is limping.
A friend JUST commented on how many times I used JUST in my current WIP. I now find myself editing it out of my emails and even text messages, lol. It’s great to see I’m not alone =-) This was a good topic for where I’m at in my writing and learning experience right now. Thank you.
Deidre –
Stellar blog!
I teach writers to write fresh, and avoid echo words, echo phrases, and echo patterns.
Sometimes my favorite bestselling authors (and friends) use a fresh word that impresses me. But when I see this unique word repeated in another chapter, it’s a speed bump. If that author uses it again, and again, I’m disappointed and disillusioned.
I agree with you about phraseology too. Repeated structural patterns are more difficult for writers to spot, but they are equally undesirable.
I was tempted to end that sentence with a power word, toxic.
Thank you for sharing your wisdom. I will recommend your blog to all my class members.
I’ll also think of you and your husband whenever I see a hoary frost.
I live at the top of a mountain in Colorado. I’ll get to think of you often.
I am an avid user of the “had” word. It actually drives me nuts as taking it out can prove difficult at times!
The trick, I’m guessing, is to learn which your own personal ‘echo’ words are. I think probably a lot of us (okay, maybe just – ha! – me) have a blind spot about that.
As a Margie Lawson Graduate (see her post a few up from mine), I couldn’t agree more. If a book reads like a second draft to me, with unintentional repetition and sloppy cliches, no amount of fascinating plot can save it.
Awesome reminder Deidre. My echoes are suddenly, turned, then, plus others. Margie Lawson’s classes helped make me more alert and challenged me to write fresh wherever needed. My critique partners too. Catching echoes and deleting or freshening helped boost my WIP to a higher level.
I’m another writer who uses echo words and have benefited from Margie Lawson’s deep edits. It’s a struggle to get rid of them. But I’m doing it, with Margie’s help.
Barb
I read a novel in which the author kept using the phrase “hank of hair”. I think she used it four times throughout the whole book, but it was such an old/oddish phrase, it irritated me by the end. I, apparently, can’t get enough of “saunter” and “shimmer”. Luckily, my crit partners zap me when I show too much love for a particular word. It’s so true that we can’t expect editors to do the work!
I love the title of this post, by the way. You had me at thrummed.
Hi Deidre,
When editing, I always go on an echo word hunt. Unfortunately, it is very hard for me to spot echoes in my own writing. Reading my manuscript aloud helps. Thank goodness for EPs! *Waves to Jillian* They are the best echo finders. It seems I change echoes every chapter so I can’t make a list of typical words.
Margie Lawson pointed out my echo issue. My writing has really improved thanks to her editing classes.
~Haley
Thanks for this post, Deidre!
I have a growing list of echo words I filter out, and you’re right ~ reading aloud helps me spot them, as well as other mistakes. My computer (a Mac) has a read aloud function that I loooove. Even so, other readers (real ones) will spot echoes the laptop and I have missed.
Like some of your other commenters, I also can’t praise Margie’s editing method enough. She’s given me a process to edit my work, and she’s changed the way I write. Brilliant!
Kimberle
Loved this post. Reading out loud really makes a difference. Find and Replace is a God send. I have read books where all the characters sound alike. Generally, don’t finish those. I find it frustrating when female characters dialogue sounds too masculine because the author is male. Male authors need woman to proof those words and female authors need men to ensure their dialogue is male enough.
Yes, Deidre. I press and hold the ctrl key in the lower left corner of the keyboard, then hit F. A window shows up and I type in the word I want to search, then hit find. I watch the page numbers to determine how close together these repetitious words or phrases are. It really helps!
All such excellent comments–thank you! And I’m happy to report that I’ve come up with my next blog topic. So it appears I may be doing this more regularly than I have been in the past few years. More to come soon! Many thanks for the wonderful support and encouraging comments, and certainly for all the sharing that so many writers will benefit from.
Wordle.net is a fantastic way to find those repetitive words. A good starting point and quite a visual way to see what you’re doing (or shouldn’t be, as the case may be).
I’m a “juster” as well. I have to do a find every chapter
And I find them in every chapter
Good to know I’m not alone and also that my crazy editing is a good thing
I’m a juster. I’m an echo person. But with Margie’s help I”m learning to look for those things. I even catch some of them when I write it. I’m going wait I used that word a few pages or sentences back. Thanks for a great post. Marige Lawson’s classes are the best for learning to get rid of things that don’t work or aren’t needed.
I’m a juster. I’m an echo person. But with Margie’s help I”m learning to look for those things. I even catch some of them when I write it. I’m going wait I used that word a few pages or sentences back. Thanks for a great post. Marige Lawson’s classes are the best for learning to get rid of things that don’t work or aren’t needed. I enjoyed reading this blog so it will be great to read the next one.
Pet peeve anytime,Ubiquitous or Erb for Herb. My late wife was English and she always said Cockneys dropped their “H” and they are considerd uneducated. She didn’t want to be thought a Cockney.
[...] Thrum Me, Baby, One More Time – TKA’s own Deidre Knight blogged this week about word patterns and repetition in writing. Great reminder. [...]
[...] Did you hear that word echo? Agent and author Deidre Knight offers advice to keep writers from repeating themselves. [...]
I use find and replace after every chapter looking for had, just, was, but as, it, all, when etc. etc. best tool in the world. I also find I use the same phrase or similiar several times in a story, like I feel it belongs to that story adn overuse it. My CP loves the word loom. Every MS her hero looms over her heroine on nearly every page, I am still trying to break this habit of hers.
My grandmother used to say a hoary frost.
PageFour is an excellent, very simple software program for writers to organize their chapters and notes.
But I find it’s most useful feature to be the word- and phrase-frequency feature. You’ll see very quickly which words and phrases you’re overusing!
I don’t use it to do my writing in, but it will open RTF files, or you can just copy and paste your text into it (which is what I do).
You can download it for free and give it a whirl.
http://www.softwareforwriting.com/pagefour.html
Jeff